The Routledge International Encyclopedia of Sport and Exercise Psychology

Dieter Hackfort is a retired professor for sport psychology. In his career he held professorships at the Center for Behavioral Medicine and Health Psychology at the University of South Florida, USA, the Institutes for Sport Science at the Universities in Heidelberg and Munich, Germany, and Qatar University in Doha, as well as an Honorary Professorship and a Guest Professorship at the Hubei University in Wuhan, China. Dr. Hackfort is former President of the German Association of Sport Psychology (ASP) and the International Society of Sport Psychology (ISSP). He also serves as a consultant for Olympic athletes, athletes in x-treme/adventurous sport activities, and professional athletes, including drivers in F1 and further motor sports.Robert J. Schinke is President for the International Society of Sport Psychology (ISSP) and a Past President of the Association for Applied Sport Psychology (AASP). Robert is a Full Professor and the Canada Research Chair of Multicultural Sport and Physical Activity at Laurentian University, in Canada, and a Distinguished Honorary Professor at Tsing Hua University, in Taiwan. Robert has worked extensively with world champion professional boxers featured on major television networks, consults also with an assortment of professional sport athletes across disciplines, and has served as Mental Training Consultant with several Canadian male and female national teams each Olympic cycle since 1996.