The Oxford Handbook of Banking, Second Edition

Allen N. Berger is the H. Montague Osteen, Jr., Professor in Banking and Finance, Moore School of Business, University of South Carolina; Senior Fellow, Wharton Financial Institutions Center; Extramural Fellow, CentER, Tilburg University; and Secretary/Treasurer, Financial Intermediation Research Society. He also currently serves on the editorial boards of six professional economics and finance journals. Professor Berger was Senior Economist from 1989 to 2008 andEconomist from 1982-1989 at the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. He is also past editor of the Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, and has co-edited six special issues of various journals and the Oxford Handbook of Banking. He has published more than 100 professional articles,including papers in the Journal of Political Economy, American Economic Review, Journal of Monetary Economics, Journal of Finance, Journal of Financial Economics, and Review of Financial Studies.Philip Molyneux is Dean of the College of Business, Law, Education and Social Sciences, and Professor of Banking and Finance at Bangor Business School, Bangor University, Wales. His main area of research is on the structure and efficiency of banking markets and he has published widely in this area, recent publications appear in the Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Journal of Banking & Finance and the Review of Finance. In the past has acted as a consultant to: New York Federal ReserveBank, World Bank, European Commission, UK Treasury; Citibank Private Bank, Barclays Wealth, McKinsey, Credit Suisse and various other international banks and consulting firms.John O. S. Wilson is Professor of Banking and Finance and Director for the Centre for Responsible Banking and Finance at the University of St Andrews, Scotland. His research interests focus on the areas of industrial organization, banking and credit unions. He is Associate Editor to the British Accounting Review, European Journal of Finance and the Journal of Money Credit and Banking and sits on the editorial boards of a number of journals including the Journal of Business Finance andAccounting and the Journal of Financial Economic Policy. In the period June 2011 to April 2012, John served as a full member of a Commission on Credit Unions established by the Irish Government.