Fortschritte der Chemie organischer Naturstoffe 84 / Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products

The first contribution of this book gives an overview on naturally occuring cycling tetrapyrroles. The article describes the four classic tetrapyrrolic structures with their porphyrin, chlorin, bacteriochlorin and corrin skeletons and also novel, interesting structures with unusual biological activities. This review mainly focuses on the occurrence, structure and biological function as well as biosynthesis and aspects of synthesis. The second article deals with the anticancer compound taxol and its semisynthetic analog docetaxel (Taxotere). Taxol was originally isolated in the late 1960¿s on the basis of its cytotoxity and antileukemic activity, its structure was published in 1971 in a paper that has been cited 1000 times since this publication. The review focuses primarily on the interesting and novel chemistry of taxol that has been discovered over the last eight years. TOC:Naturally Occurring Cyclic Tetrapyrroles (F.-P. Montforts, M. Glasenapp-Breiling):Introduction.- Classification.- General Aspects of Cyclic Tetrapyrrole Biosynthesis.- Porphyrins.- Chlorins.- Bacteriochlorins.- Isobacteriochlorins.- Higher Saturated Hydroporphyrins.- Corrins.- Acknowledgments.- ReferencesThe Chemistry of Taxol and Related Taxoids (D. G. I. Kingston, P. G. Jagtap, H. Yuan, L. Samala):Introduction.- A-Ring Chemistry.- B-Ring Chemistry.- C-Ring Chemistry.- D-Ring Chemistry.- Rearrangements and Related Reactions.- The Side Chain.- Synthesis of Taxol and Taxol Side Chain Analogs from Baccatin III.- Taxol Metabolites.- Taxol Analogs and Prodrugs.- Labeled Taxol Analogs.- The Synthesis of Taxol and Taxol Analogs from Precursors other than Baccatin III.- The Synthesis of Simplified and Unusual Taxol Analogs.- The Synthesis of Taxol.- The Interaction of Taxol with Tubulin.- Addendum.- Acknowledgements.- References